In a scoping review of 59 privacy-focused LA articles, 74% addressed privacy without defining or conceptualizing it¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · checked against its sources 2026-10-15 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? In a scoping review of 59 LA articles, a majority (74%) addressed privacy without defining or conceptualizing it. → Olga Viberg 2022

Evidence¶

Olga Viberg 2022¶

Olga Viberg, Chantal Mutimukwe, Åke Grönlund. (2022). Privacy in LA Research: Understanding the Field to Improve the Practice. Journal of Learning Analytics, 9(3), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.18608/jla.2022.7751

q2 · i? · review · r2

Scoping review of 59 peer-reviewed LA articles (2011–July 2021) coded independently by two authors with Cohen's kappa of .89. The analysis found "a majority (74%; Figure 2) of the papers in our sample addressed privacy in the setting of LA without defining or conceptualizing it." No effect size is printed.

"Our analysis shows that a majority (74%; Figure 2) of the papers in our sample addressed privacy in the setting of LA without defining or conceptualizing it; 6% defined privacy as a right, 11% as a state, 15% as control, and 16% used other approaches to explain privacy."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Among LA articles that define privacy, control (15%) is the most common established definition; none define privacy as a commodity — related
• Conceptual unclarity in LA: privacy is used interchangeably or in overlapping ways with ethics, security, and anonymity — related
• In one institution's early-stage learning analytics implementation, inductive coding of interviews and documents surfaced three privacy themes: FERPA compliance, role-based access and security measures, and students' relationship with their data — related
• GenAI raises privacy, transparency, bias and accuracy concerns in group work, though empirical evidence remains limited — related
• Users of a student success information system showed only a surface-level understanding of privacy, with FERPA serving as the extent of many interviewees' privacy knowledge — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Existing legal and sector guidance each address only part of ethical learning analytics governance, and none integrates all six LEAGUE dimensions — related
• P(j)BL research conceptualizes CT more often as processes than as dispositions, and many studies define and measure CT inconsistently — a narrower finding that bears on this claim
• Prior knowledge and prior knowledge activation are often vaguely defined in the activation literature, with only 10 of 54 articles explicitly defining prior knowledge — related