Adults with ADHD and adults with dyslexia show poorer reinforcement learning performance than matched controls across simple and complex multidimensional tasks¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associationalr2·q3·i2medium
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
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q3 i2 Performance is significantly poorer in the ADHD group than in the control group across both tasks (ηp² = 0.08). → Gabay 2025
q3 i2 Performance is significantly poorer in the dyslexia group than in the control group across both tasks (ηp² = 0.13). → Gabay 2025 (2)
Evidence¶
Gabay 2025¶
Gabay, Y., Jacob, L., Mansour, A. & Hertz, U. (2025). Computational markers show specific deficits for dyslexia and ADHD in complex learning settings. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00323-4
q3 · i2 · associational · r2
Mixed-factorial analysis of percentage of games learned in the ADHD study (N = 21 with ADHD, 32 controls), with task as within-subject and group as between-subject factor. The ADHD group was "significantly poorer" than controls, F(1, 51) = 4.57, p = 0.037, ηp² = 0.08.
"Performance was significantly poorer, F (1, 51) = 4.57,p = 0.037, ηp²= 0.08, in the ADHD group (M = 0.62, S.E. = 0.03) than in the control group (M = 0.71, S.E. = 0.02)."
Gabay 2025 (2)¶
Gabay, Y., Jacob, L., Mansour, A. & Hertz, U. (2025). Computational markers show specific deficits for dyslexia and ADHD in complex learning settings. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00323-4
q3 · i2 · causal · r2
Mixed-factorial analysis of percentage of games learned in the dyslexia study (N = 20 with dyslexia, 23 controls). The dyslexia group was "significantly poorer" than controls, F(1, 43) = 6.67, p = 0.02, ηp² = 0.13.
"Performance was significantly poorer,F (1, 43) = 6.67, p =0 . 0 2 ;ηp² = 0.13, in the dyslexia group (M = 0.62, S.E. = 0.03) than in the control group (M = 0.72, S.E. = 0.02)."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- The group-by-task interaction is not significant for either ADHD or dyslexia comparisons, though simple t-tests show task-specific group differences — related
- Adults with dyslexia show heightened decay rates than controls in complex learning settings, indicating quicker discounting of learned associations — related
- Adults with ADHD show reduced reliance on Bayesian inference strategies (lower alpha) than controls in complex learning settings — related
- Meta-analyses establish that ADHD is associated with poorer performance on tasks measuring inhibition, working memory, planning, and vigilance in children, with overall similar impairment patterns in adults and a strong association with reaction time variability — a broader claim this one bears on
- Performance is substantially better on the Explicit-Assist task than on the No-Explicit-Assist task in both the ADHD and dyslexia comparisons — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
adhd-dyslexia-poorer-performance-reinforcement-learning-tasks |
title |
Adults with ADHD and adults with dyslexia show poorer reinforcement learning performance than matched controls across simple and complex multidimensional tasks |
description |
Adults with ADHD and adults with dyslexia show poorer reinforcement learning performance than matched controls across simple and complex multidimensional tasks |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2025 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-26 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
2 — gabay-2025, gabay-2025-2 |
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