Lower auditory working memory capacity moderates the training benefit: participants 1 SD below the mean improve significantly more after immersive than auditory training¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-26 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? A significant two-way interaction between training modality and auditory working memory, with post-hoc tests showing significantly greater SNR improvement after immersive training for lower-AWM participants, but no modality difference for higher-AWM participants. → Vanessa Frei & Nathalie Giroud 2025

Evidence¶

Vanessa Frei & Nathalie Giroud 2025¶

Vanessa Frei & Nathalie Giroud. (2025). Immersive auditory-cognitive training improves speech-in-noise perception in older adults with varying hearing and working memory. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00306-5

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Post-hoc comparisons (emmeans) on the linear mixed model of training-induced SNR change, treating AWM as a continuous moderator; the interaction Δχ²(1) = 9.143, p = 0.002, with the quoted post-hoc at p < 0.001. Participants were not grouped into high/low categories.

"a participant with lower AWM capacity (i.e., 1 SD below the mean) experienced a signi ficantly greater improvement in SNR f ollowing the immersive training compared to the auditory training (AWM 1 SD below average: ChangeAU– ChangeIM:Δβ = −0.677, SE = 0.148,t = −4.561, p < 0.001)"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Auditory Processing — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it
• Working Memory — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

Related Claims¶

• More pronounced hearing loss moderates the training benefit: participants with PTA 1 SD above the mean improve significantly more after immersive than auditory training — related
• Age, general cognition (MoCA), visual working memory, and hearing loss showed no significant association with the extent of training-induced change, and the three-way modality-by-AWM-by-hearing-loss interaction was not significant — related
• Speech-in-noise perception improves significantly after a short-term immersive auditory-cognitive training, but not after an audio-only training session — related
• Immersive presentation keeps comprehension performance stable across a training session while auditory-only performance decreases toward the end — related