Bilingual effect evidence appears for inhibition and cognitive flexibility but disappears for working memory in children and adolescents¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2020 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Across the 53 reviewed studies, evidence supporting the bilingual effect seems to appear for inhibition and cognitive flexibility but to disappear when working memory is considered. → Giovannoli J 2020

Evidence¶

Giovannoli J 2020¶

Giovannoli J, Martella D, Federico F, Pirchio S and Casagrande M (2020) The Impact of Bilingualism on Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review Based on the PRISMA Method. Front. Psychol. 11:574789. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.574789

q2 · i? · review · r3

Systematic review (PRISMA) of 53 studies with bilingual and monolingual groups aged 5-17 and at least one executive function measure. The review's own synthesis states the effect "seems to appear when assessing inhibition and cognitive flexibility, but to disa ppear when working memory is considered." No pooled effect size is printed.

"Evidence supporting the bilingual e ffect seems to appear when assessing inhibition and cognitive flexibility, but to disa ppear when working memory is considered. The inconsistent results of the studies do no t allow drawing definite conclusions on the bilingual effect."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Gender differences appear in academic achievement and several cognitive parameters but not in inhibition/interference or social skills — related
• Inhibition/interference, working memory and processing speed correlate with adolescent academic achievement, while cognitive flexibility and social skills do not — related
• Working memory and inhibition both contribute to spontaneous flexibility, whereas only inhibition contributes to reactive flexibility — related