Black, Hispanic/Latino/a, and Multiracial preschool children were underrepresented in higher-quality (Tier 4 and 5) programs¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2027: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Children who are Black, Hispanic/Latino/a, or Multiracial were more likely to attend Tier 3 programs and less likely to attend Tier 4 and 5 programs than Asian/Pacific Islander, White, or Native American children, with Black children least likely to be in Tier 5 programs. → Sussman 2022

Evidence¶

Sussman 2022¶

Sussman, J., Melnick, H., Newton, E., Kriener-Althen, K., Draney, K., Mangione, P., & Gochyyev, P. (2022). Preschool quality and child development: How are learning gains related to program ratings? Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/california-preschool-quality-ratings doi:10.54300/422.974

q3 · i? · associational · r3

Descriptive analysis of tier enrollment by race/ethnicity (Figure 5), with proportions compared via logistic regression controlling for multilingual learner status, IEP status, and gender. Overall, 14% of children were in Tier 3, 63% in Tier 4, and 23% in Tier 5.

"children who are Black were more likely to be in Tier 3 programs and less likely to be in Tier 5 programs than children from any other racial/ethnic group"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Race and Ethnicity — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Related Claims¶

• Children from all racial/ethnic groups were projected to gain more in higher-tier programs, but most racial/ethnic differences were not statistically significant — related
• Children in Tier 4 and Tier 5 preschool programs gained more learning and development from fall to spring than children in Tier 3 programs — related
• Nearly half of Black and Hispanic preschoolers attend schools where over 90% of students are students of color — related
• In schools offering both course types, enrollment differs by race/ethnicity, with more White students in single-discipline courses — a narrower finding that bears on this claim