Direct comparisons confirm ChatGPT-4 significantly outperformed earlier versions and some competitor models on dental examination questions¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2029: tool and model accuracy changes quickly

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Direct within-study comparisons confirmed ChatGPT-4 significantly outperformed earlier versions and some competitor models. → Dashti Mahmood 2026

Evidence¶

Dashti Mahmood 2026¶

Dashti Mahmood, Khosraviani Farshad, Meyari Atieh, Amirzade-Iranaq Mohammad Hosein, Chaurasia Akhilanand, Hefzi Delband, Ghadimi Niloofar, Tichy Antonin, Khurshid Zohaib, Schwendicke Falk. (2026). Accuracy of Large Language Models in Answering Dental Examination Questions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Dental Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2026.109609

q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3

Meta-analytic synthesis of between-model/version comparisons within the 39 included studies; the abstract-level result is corroborated in the Discussion, which states ChatGPT-4 outperformed version 3.5, achieving accuracies above 90% in some instances. No effect size is printed.

"Direct comparisons confirmed ChatGPT-4 significantly outperformed earlier versions and some competitor models. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of findings."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Subgroup analyses show significant between-model differences, with Copilot (75.25%) and ChatGPT-4 (72.97%) achieving the highest pooled accuracies — related
• Newer OpenAI LLM versions achieve significantly higher pooled accuracy on biomedical MCQs than earlier versions (GPT‐4o–o1: 90%; GPT‐4: 82%; GPT‐3/3.5: 59%) — a broader claim this one bears on
• Newer Anthropic and DeepSeek models approach GPT‐4o–o1 accuracy on biomedical MCQs, while Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot trail the leading companies — related
• Large language models achieve a pooled accuracy of 63.69% (95% CI 60.26%-67.06%) in answering dental examination questions — related
• Newer LLM versions generally outperformed older versions on dental examination questions — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)