Cognitive-only AI support yields medium effects on knowledge (g = 0.52), skill (g = 0.44), and affect (g = 0.48) and a large effect on perception (g = 0.85)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · quant-synthesis r3 · q3 · i2–i3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i2 AI-based cognitive-only support has a medium effect on knowledge acquisition (g = 0.52, k = 12) and near-medium effects on skill acquisition (g = 0.44, k = 11). → Heng Zhang 2025 q3 i3 Cognitive-only support shows a large effect on perception (g = 0.85, k = 10) and a small-to-medium effect on affective experience (g = 0.48, k = 31). → Heng Zhang 2025 (2)

Evidence¶

Heng Zhang 2025¶

Heng Zhang, Yuhan Liu, Meilin Jiang, Juanjuan Chen, Minhong Wang, Fred Paas. (2025). Emotional Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10086-4

q3 · i2 · quant-synthesis · r3

Random-effects meta-analysis of Category 2 studies (cognitive-only AI support) on knowledge acquisition, k = 12. The pooled "g = 0.52" with CI [0.17, 0.87] is a medium effect; skill acquisition pooled at g = 0.44 (k = 11).

"The weighted mean ES ( g) is 0.52 (95% CI [0.17, 0.87], k = 12, τ² = 0.32, I² = 35.5%), with individual ESs ranging from − 0.42 to 2.19."

Heng Zhang 2025 (2)¶

Heng Zhang, Yuhan Liu, Meilin Jiang, Juanjuan Chen, Minhong Wang, Fred Paas. (2025). Emotional Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10086-4

q3 · i3 · quant-synthesis · r3

Random-effects meta-analysis of Category 2 studies on perception, k = 10, pooled "g = 0.85" (large). Affective experience pooled at g = 0.48 (95% CI [0.33, 0.63], k = 31), a small-to-medium effect; task performance pooled at g = 0.35 (k = 3).

"The weighted mean ES ( g) for students’ perception is 0.85 (95% CI [0.50, 1.20], k = 10), suggesting a large effect, with individual ESs ranging from 0.03 to 2.37."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Integrated AI support shows a near-medium effect on affective experience (g = 0.42) and a small, non-significant effect on perception (g = 0.18) — related
• Evidence for emotional-only AI support is limited to two studies, which were summarized narratively rather than pooled — related