In one reviewed study, students who first collaborate and then complete an activity individually in the VRL are more successful than students who complete an individual task first and then collaborate¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Teng et al. (2024) concludes that students who first collaborate and then complete an activity individually in the VRL are more successful than students who complete an individual task first and then collaborate. → Kurtz 2025

Evidence¶

Kurtz 2025¶

Kurtz, M., Benabbou, A., Pons, C., & Broisin, J. (2025). Collaboration in virtual and remote laboratories for education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-025-09454-7

q2 · i? · review · r2

Combined collaboration-and-learning evaluation in one reviewed publication, where grades on laboratory tasks were compared across collaborative modalities: "students who first collaborate and then complete an activity individually" outperformed the reverse order.

"Teng et al. (2024) concludes that students who first collaborate and then complete an activity individually in the VRL are more successful than students who complete an individual task first and then collaborate."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Only a minority of VRL studies assess collaboration quality or learning, but most studies that measure learning report positive impact
• Collaborative VRLs are predominantly STEM-focused, virtual, non co-located, synchronous, and 2D — related
• An individual-then-collaborative activity structure (I+C) yields better delayed recall than collaborative-then-individual (C+I) and fully individual (I) structures — reports the opposite
• Peer Discussion Improves Conceptual Understanding — related
• In school studies, cooperative and peer-learning methods that reward groups on every member's individual learning raised achievement more than methods without such rewards — related