Eleven struggling neighborhood high schools saw special education entry rise from 16 to 30 percent, and learning-disabled ninth graders were increasingly separated in English classrooms¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2002 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2005: local conditions change quickly

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Eleven probation neighborhood high schools in low-income areas rose from 16 to 30 percent special education entry as very low achieving students plummeted (down 922) and area students with disabilities increasingly enrolled locally (64 to 69 percent). → Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden 2002 q2 i? Ninth graders with learning disabilities increasingly took first-year English separately from non-disabled peers, often in classrooms where 75 percent or more of students were special education eligible. → Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden 2002 (2)

Evidence¶

Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden 2002¶

Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden. (2002). Changing Special Education Enrollments: Causes and Distribution Among Schools. Consortium on Chicago School Research. https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/changing-special-education-enrollments-causes-and-distribution-among-schools

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Case analysis of eleven high change schools (Austin, DuSable, Englewood, Gage Park, Manley, Orr, Phillips, Robeson, South Shore, Tilden, Wells), all on probation in 1999–00. On average 30 percent of entering ninth graders were special education eligible, driven by drops of 922 very low and 401 low achieving general education students.

"By 1999–00, on average, 30 percent of entering ninth graders attending these schools was eligible for special education services"

Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden 2002 (2)¶

Shazia Rafiullah Miller and Robert M. Gladden. (2002). Changing Special Education Enrollments: Causes and Distribution Among Schools. Consortium on Chicago School Research. https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/changing-special-education-enrollments-causes-and-distribution-among-schools

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Analysis of ninth-grade English classroom composition, chosen because all ninth graders take English. The report finds learning-disabled ninth graders "increasingly took first-year English classes separately" from non-disabled peers, complicating the least restrictive environment mandate under IDEA.

"ninth graders with learning disabilities increasingly took first-year English classes separately from their non-disabled peers, often in classrooms where 75 percent or more of the students were eligible for special education services"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Ninth graders with disabilities were heavily concentrated in neighborhood and vocational high schools, driven by general education students choosing other school types — related
• Special education enrollment in ninth grade rose from 11.5 percent in 1993-94 to 16.4 percent in 1999-00, concentrating students with disabilities in neighborhood high schools — related
• Learning disabilities drove almost the entire rise in ninth-grade special education enrollment — related
• After the promotion gate, general education eighth graders were retained at far higher rates while retention of students with disabilities fell, raising the disabled share of ninth graders — related