Critical readers underlined and took notes of more critical points (ironies, questions, metaphors) and summarized less than less-critical readers¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2015 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Teachers who preferred summarizing mostly rewrote the author's expressions, whereas reviewers took notes and underlined expressions. → Karabay 2015

Evidence¶

Karabay 2015¶

Aysegul Karabay. (2015). The guiding effects of a critical reading program on the use of external reading strategies when confronting an ironical text. Educational Research and Reviews. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2419

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Authors' interpretation of the coded essays and notes, stated in the Discussion. Summarizers "rewrote the author’s expressions"; reviewers took notes and underlined with less summarization. No effect size is printed.

"Th e majority of the pre-service teachers who preferred sum - marizing rewrote the author’s expressions. Converse ly, the pre-service teachers who preferred reviewing took notes, underlined expressions and used less summarization."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Before critical reading instruction, pre-service teachers mostly summarized and read the ironical text superficially — related
• Across ten learning techniques, distributed practice and practice testing have the largest effects and underlining and summarization the smallest — related
• Learner highlighting of text gives a small memory benefit but no reliable comprehension benefit, and evidence on other forms of annotation is not yet recorded here — related
• Highlighting shows low utility for improving learning outcomes — related
• Training in text structure improves college students' summaries, but summarizing has not been shown here to improve recall or writing more than rereading or other active reading — related
• After PCRI, most experimental-group teachers inferred the deeper ironic meaning of the text while most control-group teachers took it literally — related
• After critical reading instruction, the experimental group preferred reviewing over summarizing an ironical text while the control group did not — related