Inversion of digit order is the most frequent recall error, at 53 per cent of errors, followed by substitution at 31 per cent and over- or under-estimation of digit number at 15 per cent¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 1909 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Classifying all errors in the Oxford Street School digit tests, inversions of order made up 53 per cent, substitutions 31 per cent, and under- and over-estimations of digit number 15 per cent. → Patterson 1909

Evidence¶

Patterson 1909¶

Patterson, T. L. (1909). Pedagogical Suggestions from Memory Tests. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://books.google.com

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Error classification in the Oxford Street School digit tests, where errors were classed as order displacement, substitution of other digits, and misjudged digit number. The article states the inversion of the order is "by far the most frequent error as it is also the first to occur."

"The total number of errors of every class in the Oxford Street School, when compared with the total number of observations, give the following percentages: Inversion of the order, 53 per cent.; substitution, 31 per cent.; under and over-estimations of the number of digits, 15 per cent."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Teachers' classifications of pupils as good, fair, or poor agree only weakly with digit memory-test standing — related
• Across repeated digit tests pupils improved with practice, with large uniform increases attributed to unconscious memory of the previous day's digits, and no fatigue effect on recall was found — related
• Grapho-motor memory is stronger than visual-motor memory: 85.3 per cent of high school subjects showed greater grapho-motor recall, replicating Meyerhardt's college and university findings — related