Inconsistency relates to creative process engagement through opposing indirect pathways: negative via hindrance appraisal and positive via challenge appraisal¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The indirect association between inconsistency and creative process engagement through hindrance appraisal is negative and significant (β = −0.060, p = 0.004). → Chen Y 2026 q2 i? The indirect association through challenge appraisal is positive and significant (β = 0.217, p < 0.001). → Chen Y 2026

Evidence¶

Chen Y 2026¶

Chen Y (2026) When universities advocate GAI but practice falls short: student appraisals and creative process engagement in art education. Front. Psychol. 17:1955192. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1955192

q2 · i? · associational · r2

PLS-SEM bootstrap analysis of the 425-respondent survey tested both mediation paths. The hindrance pathway was "negative and significant" while the challenge pathway was positive and significant, supporting opposing indirect effects on creative process engagement.

"The estimated indirect association between inconsistency and creative process engagement through hindrance appraisal was negative and significant ( β = −0.060, p = 0.004), whereas the estimated indirect association through challenge appraisal was positive and significant (β = 0.217, p < 0.001), supporting H1b and H2b."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Pathways thinking strengthens the inconsistency–challenge appraisal link and the positive conditional indirect effect, but does not significantly weaken the hindrance pathway — related
• Perceived GAI advocacy–practice inconsistency is positively associated with both hindrance and challenge appraisal in students' actual experiences — related
• Art students in a high-inconsistency scenario report stronger challenge and hindrance appraisals than those in a low-inconsistency scenario — related