Dual-mode (auditory plus visual) presentation of worked examples enhances subsequent problem-solving efficiency, except under high visual-search conditions without attention cues¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2000 · checked against its sources 2026-10-16 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Under high-visual-search conditions, dual-mode presentation showed little or no effect relative to visual-only presentation. → Atkinson 2000

Evidence¶

Atkinson 2000¶

Atkinson, R. K., Derry, S. J., Renkl, A., & Wortham, D. (2000). Learning from Examples: Instructional Principles from the Worked Examples Research. Review of Educational Research, 70(2), 181-214. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543070002181

q2 · i? · review · r3

The review reports, citing Jeung, Chandler, and Sweller, an experiment comparing audio-visual and visual-visual conditions under low- and high-search geometry materials, finding 'little or no effect for presenting information in dual modes under high-visual search conditions'.

"although participants in the audio-visual condition solved several of the problems on the four-item posttest faster than their visual-visual counterparts when encountering low-search material, there was little or no effect for presenting information in dual modes under high-visual search conditions."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Visual Processing — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

Related Claims¶

• Presentation pacing moderates the modality effect: large under system-paced conditions and not significant under self-paced conditions, where it may disappear or reverse — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Split-attention worked examples lose their advantage over conventional practice, while integrated formats restore it — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Presenting words as spoken narration rather than on-screen text alongside graphics improves learning — related
• Multimedia Principle Improves Learning — related
• Predictive cues aid transfer of perceptual representations into working memory via pre-encoding top-down modulation — related
• Within-subjects designs also show a moderate-to-large modality effect (d = 0.73) — related