Third graders found assessment items involving inequalities and graphs most challenging, with items T13A and T13B the only items on which 3rd graders scored zero points¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 2013 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Relative to their 4th and 5th grade scores, 3rd graders found items involving inequalities and graphs most challenging. → Brizuela 2013 q2 i? Items T13A and T13B, involving interpreting graphs of two functions in the Cartesian plane, were the only items on which 3rd graders scored zero points. → Brizuela 2013 (2)

Evidence¶

Brizuela 2013¶

Brizuela, B.M., Martinez, M.V., and Cayton-Hodges, G.A. (2013). The Impact of Early Algebra: Results from a Longitudinal Intervention. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 2(2), 209-241. https://doi.org/10.4471/redimat.2013.28

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Interpretation of groups formed in the CFA planes from the longitudinal analysis of the 15 experimental students; 3rd graders "found m ost challe nging asse ssm e nt ite m s that involve ine qualitie s and graphs" and performed relatively well on items involving variables and algebraic expressions.

"re lative to the ir score s in 4th and 5th grade ,3rd grade rs found m ost challe nging asse ssm e nt ite m s that involve ine qualitie s and graphs."

Brizuela 2013 (2)¶

Brizuela, B.M., Martinez, M.V., and Cayton-Hodges, G.A. (2013). The Impact of Early Algebra: Results from a Longitudinal Intervention. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 2(2), 209-241. https://doi.org/10.4471/redimat.2013.28

q2 · i? · causal · r1

Item-level analysis of the assessment: item 13 involves two functions given by their graphs in the Cartesian plane, asking students to interpret a volume-time graph and determine the x-value of the intersection point; the article calls it "the m ost difficult for 3rd grade rs in our study".

"Ite m s T 13A and T 13B (se e F igure 1)are the ite m s in w hich stude nts had the m ost difficultie s w he n the y w e re in 3rd grade (the only ite m s in w hich 3rd grade rs score d ze ro points)."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Experimental students significantly outperformed comparison students on the algebra assessment in 4th and 5th grade, but not in 3rd grade — related
• The EA intervention made the most difference on assessment items involving variables, functional relations, intra-mathematical contexts, tables, and algebraic expressions — related
• Experimental early algebra students' assessment scores rose significantly from 3rd to 4th grade but not from 4th to 5th grade, while comparison students' scores did not change significantly across grades — related