EATS detected disgust with lower agreement (90%) than other basic emotions, highlighting a limitation of facial-expression-only measurement¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Disgust showed a lower agreement rate of 90% between EATS and observation, which the authors attribute to subtle facial cues and less frequent expression. → Emirhan Gülen 2026

Evidence¶

Emirhan Gülen 2026¶

Emirhan Gülen, Yüksel Göktaş. (2026). Facial expression recognition for investigating attention and affective states in synchronous online higher education. Educational technology research and development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-026-10631-0

q2 · i? · design · r2

Bland–Altman analysis of EATS versus observer coding for the disgust category in the same 40-student comparison; the article reports "a lower but still acceptable agreement rate of 90%". No effect size is printed.

"Disgust showed a lower but still acceptable agreement rate of 90%, with overall consistency unaffected by a small number of outliers."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• EATS showed high agreement with expert observation for happiness, surprise, sadness, and fear (92.5–97.5%) and for attention (97.5%) — related
• Facial expression recognition of six basic emotions via FACS can detect learner emotional states in real time — related
• MathBuddy's multimodal emotion aggregation matched participant-reviewed emotions at 60% overall accuracy, with sharply reduced recall for the Neutral class — related