Effective AI use increases AI over-reliance, which negatively affects sustainable learning performance¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Effective AI use positively influences AI over-reliance. → Gao L 2026
q3 i? AI over-reliance negatively influences sustainable learning performance. → Gao L 2026
Evidence¶
Gao L 2026¶
Gao L, Sun Y and Khan SU (2026) From enhancement to over-reliance: a mixed-method study of generative AI and sustainable learning performance. Front. Psychol. 17:1847369. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847369
q3 · i? · associational · r2
PLS-SEM results from the time-lagged survey show the dual effect: effective AI use "also increases AI over-reliance, which negatively affects learning outcomes". AI over-reliance is operationalized as a distinct construct from cognitive offloading generally.
"Effective AI use positively influences sustainable learning performance but also increases AI over-reliance, which negatively affects learning outcomes."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Higher reliance on AI tools is correlated with lower critical-thinking performance, mediated by cognitive offloading — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it
- Effective AI use positively influences sustainable learning performance — related
- Evidence suggests over-reliance on generative AI may negatively affect students' self-regulated learning behaviors, potentially harming retention and transfer to novel contexts — related
- Over-reliance on AI scaffolding risks learned helplessness, so focus should shift to fostering self-regulated AI interaction — related
- Cognitive offloading tendency is negatively associated with critical thinking, technical problem-solving, and metacognitive self-regulation — related
- AI use also carries negative outcomes: technical instability, negative emotional impacts, over-reliance, and contextual contingency — related
- Polychronicity moderates the relationships between effective AI use, AI over-reliance, and learning outcomes — related
- Self-regulated learning and critical AI evaluation promote effective AI use — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
effective-ai-use-increases-over-reliance-harming-learning |
title |
Effective AI use increases AI over-reliance, which negatively affects sustainable learning performance |
description |
Effective AI use increases AI over-reliance, which negatively affects sustainable learning performance |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2026 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-10 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — gao-l-2026 |
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