All three English Learner groups had lower K-4 test scores than never-ELs¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr?·q2
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · recheck by 2027: baselines and conditions change
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Ever-ELs, consistently eligible ELs, and dually-identified EL/Special Education students all scored lower than never-ELs from kindergarten through 4th grade. → Johnson 2022
Evidence¶
Johnson 2022¶
Johnson, A. (2022). Achievement and growth for English Learners. Educational Policy, 37(4), 1044–1069. https://doi.org/10.1177/08959048211049419
q2 · i? · associational · r?
Longitudinal observational study of kindergarten-to-4th-grade achievement and growth comparing three EL groups with never-ELs; the article reports that "All three EL groups had lower test scores than never-ELs throughout K-4." No effect size printed.
"All three EL groups had lower test scores than never-ELs throughout K-4."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- All three EL subgroups scored lower than never-ELs in math and reading throughout kindergarten to 4th grade — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
- The study distinguishes three EL service-history groups with distinct achievement and growth profiles — related
- All three English Learner groups have lower mean math and reading achievement than the all-student average in kindergarten — related
- Dually-identified students make smaller gains than the all-student average across all grades in math and in kindergarten and 1st grade in reading — related
- Dually-identified EL/SPED students had the lowest scores with gaps widening over time, driven by larger summer loss — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
el-groups-lower-k4-achievement-never-els |
title |
All three English Learner groups had lower K-4 test scores than never-ELs |
description |
All three English Learner groups had lower K-4 test scores than never-ELs |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
recheck_by |
2027 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-08 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — johnson-2022 |
Frontmatter is the page's machine-readable record — see the Schema & Guide.