Claims

ESL participants showed significantly higher posttest word attack scores than native English speakers

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2011 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i? A significant main effect of native language classification was found for the Word Attack subtest, with participants who learned English as a second language scoring higher than those who learned English as a first language. → Greenberg Daphne 2011

Evidence

Greenberg Daphne 2011

Greenberg Daphne, Wise Justin, Morris Robin, Fredrick Laura, Nanda Alice O., Pae Hye-K. (2011). A randomized control study of instructional approaches for struggling adult readers. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237050/

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Within the same 2 × 5 MANCOVA framework, one significant finding emerged for Native Language classification on reading achievement, F (4, 174) = 2.42, p = .05, η2 = .05. The univariate ANCOVA on Word Attack showed ESL speakers (M = 19.84) outperforming native speakers (M = 11.49).

"A follow up univariate ANCOVA revealed a significant main effect of ESL group for the Word Attack subtest of the WJ, F (1, 177) = 3.91, p = 50, η2 = .02. Participants who learned English as a second language evidenced significantly higher post-test scores (M = 19.84, SD = 5.78) than those who learned English as a first language (M = 11.49, SD = 6.28)."

Discussion

Page metadata
Field Value
type claim
id esl-speakers-higher-word-attack-posttest
title ESL participants showed significantly higher posttest word attack scores than native English speakers
description ESL participants showed significantly higher posttest word attack scores than native English speakers
status review
evidence_strength moderate
newest_evidence 2011
generated by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources 1 — greenberg-daphne-2011

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