Executive attention is a significant direct predictor of all arithmetic outcomes across formats and problem demands, as predicted by Encoding Complex Theory¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
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q2 i? In the Encoding Complex full measurement model, executive attention significantly and saliently predicted every arithmetic outcome, including Arabic numeral and estimation formats. → Rhodes Katherine T. 2017
Evidence¶
Rhodes Katherine T. 2017¶
Rhodes Katherine T., Branum-Martin Lee, Washington Julie A., Fuchs Lynn S. (2017). Measuring arithmetic: A psychometric approach to understanding formatting effects and domain specificity. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000189
q2 · i? · associational · r2
Encoding Complex full measurement model (χ2(128)=465.40, RMSEA=.05, CFI=.96) fit with executive attention predicting all arithmetic outcomes and language predicting only two language-formatted outcomes with low loadings, in the N=1314 confirmatory factor analysis.
"However, executive attention was a significant and salient predictor of all arithmetic outcomes, and language was a significant predictor of WJ Applied Problems and Single Digit Story Problems, though these loadings were quite low."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Attention — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
Related Claims¶
- Arabic numeral formatted, small-problem-size outcomes (basic facts, computational fluency) retain high loadings on a specialized quantitative factor despite executive attention in the model — related
- A post-hoc hybrid model combining Triple Code's three format-specific arithmetic factors with Encoding Complex's direct executive attention and language predictors fits best (CFI=.97) — related
- Language is not a direct predictor of arithmetic outcomes once executive attention is accounted for, but language and executive attention are strongly related (r=.80 in the hybrid model) — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
executive-attention-predicts-all-arithmetic-outcomes |
title |
Executive attention is a significant direct predictor of all arithmetic outcomes across formats and problem demands, as predicted by Encoding Complex Theory |
description |
Executive attention is a significant direct predictor of all arithmetic outcomes across formats and problem demands, as predicted by Encoding Complex Theory |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2017 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-24 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — rhodes-katherine-t-2017 |
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