In Experiment 2, mental effort over time interacted with condition: the feedback + contrast condition increased effort from learning to test phase while other conditions decreased¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3 · i2 medium
Currency · newest study 2019 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i2 A test moment × condition interaction on mental effort (ηp² = .063) showed the contrast condition's effort rose from learning to test phase while other conditions' effort fell. → Steven F. Raaijmakers 2019

Evidence¶

Steven F. Raaijmakers 2019¶

Steven F. Raaijmakers, Martine Baars, Fred Paas, Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer, Tamara van Gog. (2019). Effects of self-assessment feedback on self-assessment and task-selection accuracy. Metacognition and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-019-09189-5

q3 · i2 · causal · r2

Repeated measures ANOVA in Experiment 2 on mental effort found "an interaction effect of test moment and condition" with ηp² = .063; only the contrast condition showed rising effort into the test phase.

"there was an interaction effect of test moment and condition, F(2.59, 138.65) = 3.60, p = .020, η2 p = .063, indicating that the decrease of mental effort over time differed between the conditions with the self-assessment feedback + contrast condition showing an increase in mental effort from the learning phase to the test phase, while the mental effort in other conditions decreased from learning phase to test phase."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• In Experiment 2, neither self-assessment feedback plus correct answers nor plus contrasting own with correct answers improved test-phase self-assessment accuracy
• Across both experiments, self-assessment feedback failed to improve self-assessment accuracy in the absence of feedback, and learners' self-assessments did not track practice-driven performance gains
• Task sequence effects on mental effort reverse between learning phase and transfer test