Some teacher feedback codes commonly co-occur, such as Confirmation with Positive Affect and Mathematical Suggestions with Hints¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? In the combined-coder correlation analysis, Confirmation correlated positively with Positive Affect, and Mathematical Suggestions correlated positively with Hints. → Seiyon M. Lee 2025

Evidence¶

Seiyon M. Lee 2025¶

Seiyon M. Lee, Sami Baral, Hongming Chip Li, Li Cheng, Shan Zhang, Carly S. Thorp, Jennifer St. John, Tamisha Thompson, Neil Heffernan, Anthony F. Botelho. (2025). Developing Feedback Taxonomy for Math: A Synergy of Perspectives through Data Mining Methods. Journal of Educational Data Mining, Volume 17, No 2. https://osf.io/puhyr/?view_only=514d8534e9be41d9a57ad82e9efb3249

q2 · i? · design · r2

Spearman's rank correlation analysis across all six coders combined on the coded sample of 100 teacher feedback messages. The article reports these positive co-occurrence patterns as indicating that affirmation is perceived as emotionally supportive and mathematical advice often acts as scaffolding; no correlation coefficients are printed in the text.

"For instance, correlations between "Confirmation" and "Positive Affect," suggest that when teachers affirm the correctness of a student's response, such feedback is often perceived as emotionally supportive. Similarly, "Mathematical Suggestions" and "Hints" were positively correlated"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Perceptions of feedback characteristics vary between researcher and teacher coders, with agreement shaped by professional background — related
• Exploratory factor analysis of coder-assigned feedback codes yields 12 latent factors, several combining multiple codes with inverse loadings — related
• GenAI-supported peer feedback groups produced more suggestions and explanations and less positive affective feedback than the PF group — related