A systematic search found almost no rigorous studies contrasting online and face-to-face instruction for K–12 students: none with computable effect sizes through 2006, and only five meeting meta-analysis criteria through July 2008.¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2009 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? An extensive systematic search of literature from 1994 through 2006 found no experimental or controlled quasi-experimental K–12 studies comparing online versus face-to-face instruction with sufficient data to compute an effect size; a subsequent search through July 2008 identified just five published studies meeting meta-analysis criteria. → Means 2009

Evidence¶

Means 2009¶

Means, Toyama, Murphy, Bakia, & Jones. (2009). Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies. U.S. Department of Education. https://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/opepd/ppss/reports.html

q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r2

Systematic literature search across education, career technical, medical, higher education, corporate and military training literatures; 1,132 abstracts screened, 176 rigorous studies identified, of which just nine involved K–12 learners. The report states a subsequent search through July 2008 identified just five published studies meeting meta-analysis criteria.

"A systematic search of the research literature from 1994 through 2006 found no experimental or controlled quasi-experimental studies comparing the learning effects of online versus face-to-face instruction for K–12 students that provide sufficient data to compute an effect size."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

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