The forward testing effect generalizes to individuals with traumatic brain injury but is absent for younger children's single item learning¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · review r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2018 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Pastötter et al. obtained a forward testing effect in both TBI and healthy individuals in the List 3 interim test. → Chunliang Yang 2018 q2 i? Aslan and Bäuml obtained the effect in adults and older children (average age 8.8 years) but not in younger children (average age 6.7 years). → Chunliang Yang 2018 (2)

Evidence¶

Chunliang Yang 2018¶

Chunliang Yang, Rosalind Potts and David R. Shanks. (2018). Enhancing learning and retrieval of new information: a review of the forward testing effect. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-018-0024-y

q2 · i? · review · r3

The review reports Pastötter et al.'s study in which TBI and healthy individuals studied three lists of line drawings; the quote gives the effect in both groups, attributed by the review to interim testing reducing memory deficits after traumatic brain injury.

"In the List 3 interim test, Pastötter et al. 21 obtained a forward testing effect in both TBI and healthy individuals, indicating that interim testing during learning can be used to reduce memory de ficits in people with TBI"

Chunliang Yang 2018 (2)¶

Chunliang Yang, Rosalind Potts and David R. Shanks. (2018). Enhancing learning and retrieval of new information: a review of the forward testing effect. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-018-0024-y

q2 · i? · review · r3

The review reports Aslan and Bäuml's word-list study with adults, older children (average age = 8.8 years) and younger children (average age = 6.7 years); the quote gives the absent effect in younger children, which the authors speculated reflects their deficits in inhibiting PI since interim tests did not reduce PI accumulation.

"Aslan and Bäuml obtained a forward testing effect in adults and older children but not in younger children"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Age and Developmental Stage — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

Related Claims¶

• Retrieval practice benefits have been observed in children, healthy older adults, and memory-impaired patient groups, not only college students — related
• In single item learning, interim testing of studied lists roughly doubles recall of new items compared with distractor or restudy control groups — related