The faculty readiness scale required two model modifications (a cross-loading item and two residual correlations) to reach adequate fit¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The initial three-factor faculty readiness model did not fit adequately; after allowing Item 9 to load on two factors and adding two residual correlations, the final model showed adequate fit. → Stella Y. Kim 2026

Evidence¶

Stella Y. Kim 2026¶

Stella Y. Kim, Ji Yae Bong, Daniel Maxwell, Beth Oyarzun. (2026). Development and validation of Generative Artificial Intelligence Readiness and Perception (GenAI-RP) Scale for faculty and students in higher education. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-026-10713-z

q2 · i? · design · r2

CFA of the faculty readiness scale (N=132): the initial three-factor model showed inadequate fit (CFI 0.87, RMSEA 0.118); modification indices suggested Item 9 load on both Factors 2 and 3 and correlated errors between Items 6 and 15 and Items 15 and 16. The final Model.c reached CFI 0.92, TLI 0.90, RMSEA 0.094, SRMR 0.061.

"After incorporating these two model modifications, the final model for instructors also revealed adequate fit. This final model is presented in Fig. 1."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The Challenge scale's three-factor structure was confirmed for students but did not reach satisfactory fit for faculty — related
• Exploratory factor analysis in the pilot stage supported a four-factor solution, with three items removed (a weak loading, a cross-loading, and a low item–total correlation with duplicated content) — related
• The student GenAI-RP readiness scale shows a validated three-factor structure: GenAI Comprehension, Ethical Awareness, and GenAI Utilization and Proficiency — related
• A confirmatory factor analysis on a new sample confirms the three-factor structure with acceptable model fit and moderate convergent validity — related