Most predictor effect sizes showed high heterogeneity; only morphological awareness, working memory, and language comprehension fell in the moderate I² range¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesisr2·q3
Currency · newest study 2016 · checked against its sources 2026-10-18 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? Statistically significant Q statistics emerged for all predictors except morphological awareness and working memory, and I² values ranged from 50.26% to 95.45%, with most predictors showing high heterogeneity. → Tighe 2016
Evidence¶
Tighe 2016¶
Tighe, Elizabeth L.; Schatschneider, Christopher. (2016). Examining the Relationships of Component Reading Skills to Reading Comprehension in Struggling Adult Readers: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Learning Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219414555415
q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r2
Heterogeneity was assessed with Q statistics and I² across the 10 predictor models. Morphological awareness (I² = 50.26%), working memory (61.32%), and language comprehension (64.20%) were the only predictors in the moderate range; the rest exceeded 70%. No moderator analyses were possible.
"The remainder of our predictor-comprehension effect sizes exhibited high degrees of variation due to heterogeneity (I2 statistics ranged from 70.80% to 95.45%)."
Discussion¶
Learner Variables¶
- Morphological Awareness — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
- Working Memory — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
Related Claims¶
- Six component reading skills show strong average relationships with reading comprehension in struggling adult readers (rs ≥ .50) — related
- Effect sizes linking reading components to comprehension are highly heterogeneous across studies, partly explained by age, country, and comprehension test used. — related
- Morphological awareness is a significantly stronger correlate of adult reading comprehension than phonological awareness and RAN — related
- Pseudoword decoding, orthographic knowledge, and phonological awareness show moderate relationships with adult reading comprehension (rs .34–.42) — related
- Working memory, orthographic, phonological, and morphological training each show significant medium effects on Chinese children's literacy — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
high-heterogeneity-adult-predictor-effect-sizes |
title |
Most predictor effect sizes showed high heterogeneity; only morphological awareness, working memory, and language comprehension fell in the moderate I² range |
description |
Most predictor effect sizes showed high heterogeneity; only morphological awareness, working memory, and language comprehension fell in the moderate I² range |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2016 |
source_checked |
2026-10-18 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — tighe-2016 |
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