In the lab study, adding irrelevant information impaired performance only among low-working-memory participants in the distal condition¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · causal r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2023 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? A marginally significant relevance × distance × Kmax interaction was followed up by an impairment from irrelevant information only among low-Kmax participants in the distal condition. → Britt Hadar 2023 q2 i? The follow-up simple effect showed irrelevant information impaired performance only among participants with low Kmax in the distal condition. → Britt Hadar 2023 (2)

Evidence¶

Britt Hadar 2023¶

Britt Hadar, Maayan Katzir, Sephi Pumpian, Tzur Karelitz and Nira Liberman. (2023). Psychological proximity improves reasoning in academic aptitude tests. npj Science of Learning 8:10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-023-00158-x

q2 · i? · causal · r2

GLMM on Study 2 lab data (N = 129); the only effect involving relevance was "a marginally signi ficant three-way interaction between relevance, distance and Kmax" (p = 0.054). The AAT × relevance and AAT × distance × relevance interactions were not significant.

"The only effect that involved relevance was a marginally signi ficant three-way interaction between relevance, distance and Kmax, B = 0.482, SE = 0.250, z = 1.93, p = 0.054."

Britt Hadar 2023 (2)¶

Britt Hadar, Maayan Katzir, Sephi Pumpian, Tzur Karelitz and Nira Liberman. (2023). Psychological proximity improves reasoning in academic aptitude tests. npj Science of Learning 8:10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-023-00158-x

q2 · i? · causal · r2

Follow-up decomposition of the Study 2 three-way interaction: "adding irrelevant information impaired the performance only among participants with low Kmax in the distal condition" (p = 0.035).

"Inspection of the interaction revealed that adding irrelevant information impaired the performance only among participants with low Kmax in the distal condition, B = 0.284, SE = 0.135, z = 2.10, p = 0.035."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• In a high-stakes field exam, proximity improved performance of low-achieving examinees only on questions containing irrelevant details — related
• In the lab study, distance and relevance of question content did not significantly affect accuracy overall, while AAT score and working-memory capacity each improved it and intensified each other — related
• Working memory capacity interacts with illustration type: seductive illustrations impair comprehension only for low-WMC readers — a broader claim this one bears on
• Interesting but irrelevant details can impair comprehension and transfer, with effects that vary with the material and the learner — a broader claim this one bears on
• Coherence Principle Irrelevant Material Hurts Learning — a broader claim this one bears on
• With logical structure held constant, proximity improves accuracy of low-achieving participants by 28% — related