Learning losses were 40% larger than average among students in the two lowest parental-education categories¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? In the baseline specification, students in the two lowest parental-education categories (8% of the population) suffered losses 40% larger than the average student. → Engzell P. 2021

Evidence¶

Engzell P. 2021¶

Engzell P., Frey A., Verhagen M. D. (2021). Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022376118

q3 · i? · causal · r2

Baseline difference-in-differences heterogeneity analysis interacting parental education with the treatment year. The article reports estimates by parental education of high, −3.07; low, −4.34; lowest, −4.25, and that the two lowest categories "suffered losses 40% larger than the average student".

"Those in the two lowest categories of parental education—together accounting for 8% of the population ( SI Appendix, section 5.1)—suffered losses 40% larger than the average student"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• COVID-19 learning losses are expected to be concentrated in the early grades and among students who were already struggling before the pandemic — a broader claim this one bears on
• Children with poorer parents suffer more, and children of high school educated parents experience the largest welfare losses — related
• Children from low-SES families were more negatively affected by COVID-19 school closures than children from high-SES families — a broader claim this one bears on
• A 2021 review series aims to provide a definitive account of the best available evidence on how the COVID-19 pandemic affected America's students academically — a broader claim this one bears on