Medium slant is 9.76 per cent less legible than vertical writing, while mixed writing is 4.26 per cent more legible than extreme slant¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 1911 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Medium slant trails vertical writing in legibility by 9.76 per cent; mixed writing exceeds extreme slant by 4.26 per cent and is only .38 per cent less legible than medium slant. → Graves 1911

Evidence¶

Graves 1911¶

Graves, S. Monroe. (1911). A Study in Handwriting. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://www.jstor.org/journal/jeduapsych

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Comparison of average legibility grades across the classified samples; the summary reports mixed writing "is 4.26 per cent, more legible than extreme slant" and separately that medium slant is 9.76 per cent less legible than vertical writing.

"Mixed writing, in which 85% of the cases of variation are- variations of vertical writing, is 4.26 per cent, more legible than extreme slant. It is only thirty-eight hundredths of one per cent, less legible than medium slant."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Low to medium disfluency does not harm learning and sometimes descriptively improves it, though the effect is unstable — related
• Letter size has less effect on legibility than spacing of letters or arrangement of words — related