Skilled comprehenders recall more literal story content than less skilled comprehenders, but the groups do not differ significantly in interpreting novel similes¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2001 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Skilled comprehenders recalled more literal information than less skilled comprehenders. → Kate Cain 2001 q2 i? The two groups did not differ significantly on novel simile interpretation. → Kate Cain 2001 (2)

Evidence¶

Kate Cain 2001¶

Kate Cain, Jane V. Oakhill, Marcia A. Barnes, and Peter E. Bryant. (2001). Comprehension skill, inference-making ability, and their relation to knowledge. Memory & Cognition, 29(6), 850-859. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03196414

q2 · i? · associational · r2

T test on literal content question scores (maximum 18) for the two matched groups of 13 children each. The article reports t(24) = 2.65, p < .015, favoring skilled comprehenders.

"At test re- vealed that the skilled comprehenders recalled more lit- eral information than did the less skilled comprehenders [t(24) = 2.65, p < .015]."

Kate Cain 2001 (2)¶

Kate Cain, Jane V. Oakhill, Marcia A. Barnes, and Peter E. Bryant. (2001). Comprehension skill, inference-making ability, and their relation to knowledge. Memory & Cognition, 29(6), 850-859. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03196414

q2 · i? · associational · r2

T test on simile comprehension scores (maximum 18) for the same two groups. The article reports the difference did not reach significance, t(24) = 1.63, p > .10; the authors call this finding somewhat surprising given shared inferential processes.

"A t test between the two groups' scores did not reach significance [t(24) = 1.63, p >. 1 0 ] ."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Inferencing — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• The comprehension-skill difference in inference making persists after controlling for memory for the text and delayed retention of the knowledge base — related
• Less skilled comprehenders' inference failures stem more from incorrect premise recall, whereas skilled comprehenders fail more at integrating recalled information — related
• Less skilled comprehenders make fewer knowledge-based coherence and elaborative inferences than skilled comprehenders even when the relevant knowledge is equally available — related
• When explicitly required by direct questions, less skilled comprehenders' inference performance improves greatly while skilled comprehenders perform at ceiling — related
• Skilled comprehenders show superior one-week retention of a taught knowledge base despite comparable immediate recall — related