Maternal talk quantity at 18 months predicts Spanish-learning children's vocabulary size and vocabulary gains at 24 months, controlling for earlier vocabulary¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2008 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Numbers of utterances and word tokens in mothers' speech at 18 months were significantly correlated with children's vocabulary at 24 months and with vocabulary gains from 18 to 24 months, remaining significant after controlling for child vocabulary at 18 months. → Hurtado Nereyda 2008

Evidence¶

Hurtado Nereyda 2008¶

Hurtado Nereyda, Marchman Virginia A., Fernald Anne. (2008). Does input influence uptake? Links between maternal talk, processing speed and vocabulary size in Spanish-learning children. Developmental Science. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898277/

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Longitudinal observational analysis of 27 mother–child dyads from primarily low-SES Spanish-speaking families, with maternal speech transcribed from a 12-minute play session at 18 months and vocabulary measured via the MacArthur-Bates Inventario II. The article reports that "numbers of utterances and word tokens in mothers' speech at 18 months were significantly correlated with children's vocabulary at 24 months" (Table 3: # of Words r = .42/.45 with 24-month vocabulary; .45* with gains).

"In contrast, numbers of utterances and word tokens in mothers' speech at 18 months were significantly correlated with children's vocabulary at 24 months. These relations remained significant after controlling for child vocabulary at 18 months."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Infants' preference for and learning benefit from child-directed speech change over development, with CDS advantages diminishing by the third year — related
• Faster word recognition at 24 months is associated with larger vocabularies and greater vocabulary gains in Spanish-learning children — related
• Input quantity at 18 months predicts child vocabulary at 30 months over and above SES and prior vocabulary skill — related
• Children of mothers who produced more word tokens at 18 months were faster to recognize familiar words at 24 months — related
• Within low-SES samples, quality of mother–child communication predicts children's later expressive language more strongly than input quantity — related
• Substantial variability in maternal talk existed within this primarily low-SES sample, and maternal talk was uncorrelated with SES — related
• Parent narrative utterances at 42 months predict child PPVT at 54 months with quantity, SES, and prior vocabulary controlled — related
• Maternal talk influences on vocabulary and processing speed are largely overlapping, with each mediating the other's relation to input — related
• Parent explanations at 42 months are marginally related to child PPVT at 54 months with controls — related
• Parental language input differs in quantity and quality across SES groups and relates to children's vocabulary, grammar, and processing development — a broader claim this one bears on
• Children's vocabulary and reaction time improved significantly from 18 to 24 months, and maternal talk measures were highly intercorrelated — related
• Child-directed speech predicts real-time language-processing efficiency at 19 and 24 months and explains gains in efficiency — related
• Amount of child-directed speech at 19 months predicts expressive vocabulary size at 24 months in low-SES Spanish-learning infants — related
• LENA automated adult word counts are reliable for Spanish-language home environments — related
• Overheard adult speech is unrelated to 24-month vocabulary, unlike child-directed speech — related
• The mediation of child-directed speech effects through processing efficiency holds after controlling for knowledge of the target words and excluding at-chance performers — related