Gender differences in the math–science achievement profile of top-performing math students are small, with both genders tilted toward mathematics¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · quant-synthesis r2–r3 · q4
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q4 i? Math–science profile distributions of male and female top performers show only 18% nonoverlap, a small gender difference by the article's benchmarks. → Keller 2021 q4 i? 69% of male and 65% of female top performers score higher in mathematics than in science. → Keller 2021 (2)

Evidence¶

Keller 2021¶

Keller, L., Preckel, F., Eccles, J. S., & Brunner, M. (2021). Top-Performing Math Students in 82 Countries: An Integrative Data Analysis of Gender Differences in Achievement, Achievement Profiles, and Achievement Motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/edu0000685

q4 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3

Meta-analytic synthesis of country-specific nonoverlap for the math–science profile. The distributions "had a nonoverlap of 18%", which the article classifies as a small gender difference; no standardized effect size was printed.

"Female and male students' math–science profile distributions had a nonoverlap of 18% (Table 5; see Figure 5B for the distribution of effect sizes), and thus, gender differences in the math–science profile were small."

Keller 2021 (2)¶

q4 · i? · quant-synthesis · r2

Meta-analytic integration of tilt percentages. "69% demonstrated a math tiltM-S" among male top performers and 65% of female top performers scored higher in mathematics than in science, showing both groups tilted toward mathematics.

"For 69% of all male students, mathematics was their strongest skill compared with science (i.e., 69% demonstrated a math tiltM-S). Similarly, 65% of all female students scored higher in mathematics than in science"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

Gender — predictor: outcomes differ by group: a gap reflecting circumstances and treatment, not a cause

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`math-science-profile-small-gender-difference`
`title`	`Gender differences in the math–science achievement profile of top-performing math students are small, with both genders tilted toward mathematics`
`description`	`Gender differences in the math–science achievement profile of top-performing math students are small, with both genders tilted toward mathematics`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`moderate`
`newest_evidence`	`2021`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-24`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	2 — `keller-2021`, `keller-2021-2`

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