Middle school's escalated executive function demands cause a crash for students with ADHD/EDF, and 504 plans rarely meet EDF needs¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · theoretical r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2007 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? The shift to greater expectations of independence, planning, and organization in middle school causes a crash even for students with ADHD/EDF who succeeded in elementary school, and 504 plans rarely meet EDF needs. → Meltzer 2007

Evidence¶

Meltzer 2007¶

Meltzer, L. (Ed.). (2007). Executive Function in Education: From Theory to Practice. The Guilford Press. https://www.guilford.com

q2 · i? · theoretical · r2

Denckla's clinical argument, based on longitudinal clinical observation rather than statistics, holds that middle school demands for independence, responsibility, planning, and working memory cause students with ADHD/EDF to struggle, and that because no IEP was seen as needed before middle school, at most a 504 Plan is offered, which rarely meets EDF needs.

"the 504 Plan rarely comes near meeting EDF needs"

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Clinically relevant attention problems in ADHD cause writing problems without impairing reading
• Students with EDF grow into school-assessed learning disabilities, written expression first and reading comprehension next
• Youth with a 504 plan face fewer functional, social, and educational challenges than youth with an IEP, but more than other youth without an IEP — related