Students showed a large, statistically significant pre-to-post improvement in repeated reasoning (SMP 8) in the Mindsets program (d ≈ 1.19)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2025 · checked against its sources 2026-10-17 (automated, 1 of 1 entry) · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i3 Students were more likely to score in a higher Repeated Reasoning benchmark category at post compared to pre (b = 2.16, p = .012; d ≈ 1.19). → Gage 2025

Evidence¶

Gage 2025¶

Gage, N. (2025). The impact of the Mindsets mathematics program on student engagement, ability to reason, and repeated reasoning. WestEd. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED677579

q2 · i3 · causal · r1

Pre–post CLMM on the Repeated Reasoning dataset with a challenge random intercept (SD = 0.695). The report converted the log-odds effect using Chinn's (2000) method, "yielding an estimated d of 1.19, representing a large effect."

"The CLMM revealed a significant effect of time, b = 2.16, SE = 0.86, z = 2.51, p = .012, indicating that students were more likely to score in a higher Repeated Reasoning benchmark category at post compared to pre"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• General Cognitive Ability — outcome: instruction changes it
• Statistical Reasoning — outcome: instruction changes it

Related Claims¶

• Students showed a large, statistically significant increase in engagement from pre- to post-intervention in the 5-week Mindsets program (d ≈ 1.11) — related
• Students showed a large, statistically significant pre-to-post improvement in ability to reason (SMP 2) in the Mindsets program (d ≈ 1.20) — related
• Repeated Reasoning (SMP 8) benchmark levels improved linearly across all three time points (d ≈ 0.77) with no significant quadratic trend — related
• Ability to Reason (SMP 2) benchmark levels improved linearly across all three time points (d ≈ 0.78) with no significant quadratic trend — related