Code-mixing decreases and ceases as the weaker language syntactic structure develops to CP level¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r1 · q3
Currency · newest study 2004 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? When the child has acquired CP in the weaker language, intra-sentential mixing of the Ivy Hypothesis type decreases radically and eventually stops. → Bernardini 2004

Evidence¶

Bernardini 2004¶

Bernardini, P., & Schlyter, S. (2004). Growing syntactic structure and code-mixing in the weaker language: The Ivy Hypothesis. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 7(1), 49-69. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728904001270

q3 · i? · associational · r1

Longitudinal analysis of Lukas (Swedish-Italian) showing that at age 3;1, when CP evidence appeared in Italian, "his mixed utterances decrease radically from this age onward." The authors interpret this as the child no longer needing to supply the CP with Swedish material.

"From this moment, we find instances of CP in Lukas' s pure Italian utterances (cf. example (12) above) and his mixed utterances decrease radically from this age onward (cf. Table 4)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Syntax — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• The amount of input in each language is related to syntactic development and language dominance — related
• The Ivy Hypothesis differs from the Dominant Language Hypothesis and Bilingual Bootstrapping Hypothesis in developmental scope and hierarchical prediction — related
• Mixed utterances reflect the same amount of syntactic structure as monolingual utterances in the weaker language at the same recording — related
• Children with uneven bilingual development prefer the stronger language and mix sentence-internally mainly in weaker-language interactions — related
• Vocabulary is poorer in the weaker language, with roughly one-third the word types of the stronger language — related