Children with MLD show pervasive working memory deficits while both LA groups score in the average range on all three working memory components¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2012 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person · overdue for a recheck since 2017: baselines and conditions change

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 Group differences on the WMTB-C were significant for phonological loop (d = 2.17), visuospatial sketch pad (d = 1.25), and central executive (d = 2.67), with MLD children lowest on all measures. → Geary 2012

Evidence¶

Geary 2012¶

Geary, D. C., Hoard, M. K., & Bailey, D. H. (2012). Fact Retrieval Deficits in Low Achieving Children and Children with Mathematical Learning Disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 45(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219410392046

q3 · i3 · associational · r2

First-grade administration of the Working Memory Test Battery for Children to 270 children; ANOVA across the four achievement groups. The study reports the printed effect sizes d = 2.17, 1.25, and 2.67, and that children with MLD scored lower than all other groups on each measure.

"Overall differences were significant for the phonological loop, F(3, 214) = 15.94, p<.0001, d = 2.17, visuospatial sketch pad, F(3, 214) = 6.25, p<.001, d = 1.25, and central executive, F(3, 214) = 27.28, p<.0001, d = 2.67."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Working Memory — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• After controlling for domain-general abilities and reading, MLD children show deficits on all mathematical cognition tasks while LA-Severe children show a specific counting-string intrusion deficit — related
• Children with LA show a less severe impairment pattern than children with MLD, differing only on symbolic approximate addition — related
• People with MLD show medium pooled deficits in working memory (g = 0.68) and rapid automatized naming (g = 0.70) — related
• Most children with MLD or low achievement exhibit deficits in both domain-general and numerical factors, supporting a multiple deficits view — related