Providing both a simple and a complex example facilitates transfer better than a single example or an example plus procedures¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · review r3 · q2
Currency · newest study 2000 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Students given both a simple and a complex work-rate example outperformed all other conditions on the entire posttest, including a single example and an example plus procedures. → Atkinson 2000

Evidence¶

Atkinson 2000¶

Atkinson, R. K., Derry, S. J., Renkl, A., & Wortham, D. (2000). Learning from Examples: Instructional Principles from the Worked Examples Research. Review of Educational Research, 70(2), 181-214. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543070002181

q2 · i? · review · r3

The review reports, citing Reed and Bolstad, an experiment in which college students learned work-rate word problems across six conditions varying example format; 'students provided with both simple and complex examples outperformed all others on the entire posttest'.

"those students provided with both simple and complex examples outperformed all others on the entire posttest, including those with a single example, as well as those provided with an example plus procedures."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Students who self-explain worked examples learn more effectively than those who do not, and the quality of self-explanations relates to explaining deep structure — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Comparing cases side by side improves learning and transfer by a moderate average amount, though in one algebra study it raised procedural knowledge and flexibility but not conceptual knowledge — the general claim this finding bears on, with the studies behind it

• Guidance during initial problem solving does not translate into better learning from subsequent instruction — related
• Invention Tasks Prepare Future Learning — related
• Productive Failure Improves Conceptual Learning — related
• Productive failure students significantly outperformed lecture-practice and facilitated complex problem solving students on well-structured and higher-order application post-test problems — related