The mutualism model provides the best account of longitudinal changes in vocabulary and matrix reasoning, with by far the highest normalized model-selection probability¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2017 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? Among three competing latent change score models fitted to two-wave longitudinal data, the mutualism model showed the best fit and highest Akaike weight. → Kievit 2017

Evidence¶

Kievit 2017¶

Kievit, R. A., Lindenberger, U., Goodyer, I. M., Jones, P. B., Fonagy, P., Bullmore, E. T., the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network, & Dolan, R. J. (2017). Mutualistic Coupling Between Vocabulary and Reasoning Supports Cognitive Development During Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617710785

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Model comparison in the Results section of a two-wave longitudinal SEM study (N = 785; n = 566 across two waves) fitting g-factor, investment, and mutualism LCS models to WASI-II subtests. The mutualism model showed "excellent model fit on all indices" (RMSEA = 0.000, CFI = 1.00, SRMR = 0.001), while the investment and g-factor models showed comparable, marginally acceptable fit.

"This comparison suggests that the mutualism model fitted the data best, showing excel- lent model fit on all indices."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Higher starting scores in vocabulary predicted greater gains in matrix reasoning and vice versa (bidirectional positive coupling) — related
• Mutualism was overwhelmingly favored over g-factor and investment models by information criteria and Akaike weights — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
• The mutualism model's coupling structure held equally across sexes and age did not directly predict change scores — related
• Both cognitive domains showed significant growth, negative self-feedback, and substantial individual differences in change over the interval — related