Predominantly negative feedback leads students to expect a next round of problems will require more effort than predominantly positive feedback (Experiments 1 and 2)¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r2 · q3 · i3 large
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i3 In two between-subjects experiments, participants who received predominantly negative feedback expected the upcoming round of tasks to require more effort than participants who received predominantly positive feedback, with a large effect in Experiment 1. → Tamara van Gog 2024

Evidence¶

Tamara van Gog 2024¶

Tamara van Gog, Eva Janssen, Florence Lucas, Maaike Taheij (2024). A Motivational Perspective on (Anticipated) Mental Effort Investment: The Biopsychosocial Model of Challenge and Threat. Educational Psychology Review (2024) 36:54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09861-6

q3 · i3 · causal · r2

One-way ANOVAs comparing randomly assigned predominantly positive vs. negative feedback conditions in two experiments (CRT problems, N = 131; weekday problems, N = 122). The article reports "a large, significant difference between the conditions" with η²p = 0.21 and η²p = 0.13.

"With regard to how much effort participants anticipated a next round of problems would require, there was a large, significant difference between the conditions in Experiment 1, F(1, 129) = 35.10, p < 0.001, /u1D7022p = 0.21, as well as in Experiment 2, F(1, 120) = 17.59, p < 0.001, /u1D7022p = 0.13."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• The effect of feedback valence on expected effort required is fully mediated by self-efficacy (Experiments 1 and 2) and threat (Experiment 1) — related
• Feedback valence affects post-task self-efficacy, challenge, and threat: negative feedback lowers self-efficacy and challenge and raises threat (Experiments 1 and 2) — related
• With reduced construct overlap and a no-feedback control, feedback did not significantly affect challenge (Experiments 3 and 4), and negative feedback raised expected effort required only in Experiment 3 — related
• Feedback valence does not directly affect willingness to invest effort, but has significant indirect effects via challenge and threat pointing in opposite directions (all four experiments) — related
• In the absence of feedback, self-efficacy after problem solving was not associated with invested, expected, or willingness-to-invest effort, and threat was not associated with any effort measure (Experiments 3 and 4) — related
• Negative performance feedback raises expected future mental effort and affects perceived effort and willingness to invest effort via challenge and threat (van Gog et al., 2024) — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)