The nine new tool innovation tasks showed varied difficulty levels, with task success rates ranging from 33% to 94% and ideal manipulation rates from 24% to 91%¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · design r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? The nine tasks exhibited varied difficulty levels as intended, with success rates from 33% to 94% and ideal manipulation rates from 24% to 91%. → Guo 2025

Evidence¶

Guo 2025¶

Guo, J.; Bai, H.; Long, X.; Su, X.; Pang, W. (2025). The process of tool innovation in young children: An attempt to bridge the Gestalt and the perception-action theories. Learning and Instruction, 99, article 102182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102182

q3 · i? · design · r2

Descriptive analysis of the nine tasks administered to 139 children aged 3–6 from three kindergartens. The authors report that "Task success rates ranged from 33 % to 94 %" and ideal manipulation rates from 24% to 91%, confirming the intended difficulty variation.

"As intended, these tasks showed nicely varied difficulty levels: Task success rates ranged from 33 % to 94 %, and the ideal manipulation rates ranged from 24 % to 91 %."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Task difficulty moderated the facilitating effect of flexibility on ideal manipulation only, with the effect more salient for harder tasks — related
• Single latent factor models fitted both task success and ideal manipulation well, suggesting robust internal consistency, though Cling-subtract loaded weakly on task success — related
• Task difficulty moderated the detrimental effect of fixation, which was stronger for easier compared to harder tasks — related
• Children's age, general intelligence, and divergent thinking positively predicted tool innovation performance, while executive function measures predicted only ideal manipulation — related