Language pairing, onset age of instruction, and age of assessment showed no significant impact on foreign language word reading group differences¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · quant-synthesis r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2021 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q3 i? None of the three conducted moderator analyses (language pairing, onset age of FL instruction, age at FL assessment) significantly moderated SMDs or CVRs for foreign language word reading. → von Hagen 2021

Evidence¶

von Hagen 2021¶

von Hagen, A., Kohnen, S., & Stadie, N. (2021). Foreign Language Attainment of Children/Adolescents with Poor Literacy Skills: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09566-6

q3 · i? · quant-synthesis · r3

Only three of 11 planned moderator analyses could be conducted (data from fewer than 10 studies), all on word reading only, with an adjusted significance level of p < 0.003; none was significant for either SMD or CVR.

"Results revealed no significant impact of any of the three moderators mentioned above, neither for the SMD, nor for the CVR of the foreign language word reading performance between children/adolescents with poor and typical literacy skills."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

Age and Developmental Stage — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it
Reading and Language — moderator: an instructional effect differs with it

Significant between-study heterogeneity limits interpretation of foreign language attainment differences in poor readers/spellers — related
Exempting students with poor literacy skills from foreign language instruction is not based on systematic evidence — related
No evidence of reporting bias was found for the foreign language word reading SMD meta-analysis — related

Page metadata

Field	Value
`type`	`claim`
`id`	`no-moderator-effects-fl-word-reading`
`title`	`Language pairing, onset age of instruction, and age of assessment showed no significant impact on foreign language word reading group differences`
`description`	`Language pairing, onset age of instruction, and age of assessment showed no significant impact on foreign language word reading group differences`
`status`	`review`
`evidence_strength`	`weak`
`newest_evidence`	`2021`
`generated`	by `process:wiki-ingest` on `2026-10-20`
`trust`	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
`sources`	1 — `von-hagen-2021`

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