End-of-first-grade numerical cognition directly predicts later calculations, word-problem solving, and word reading, with the strongest relation to calculations¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associational r2 · q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? For each SD increase in NC, later calculations increased by 0.388 SD, WPS by 0.188 SD, and reading by 0.149 SD (unstandardized path coefficients; no standardized effect size printed). → Spencer Mercedes 2022

Evidence¶

Spencer Mercedes 2022¶

Spencer Mercedes, Fuchs Lynn S., Geary David C., Fuchs Douglas. (2022). Connections between Mathematics and Reading Development: Numerical Cognition Mediates Relations between Foundational Competencies and Later Academic Outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000670

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Direct effects from the final pruned path analysis mediation model on 370 children. The article reports "For each SD increase in NC, children’s later calculations, WPS, and reading performance increased by 0.388, 0.188, and 0.149 SD, respectively," with the strongest relation to calculations (0.388 SD per SD of NC); these are unstandardized betas, and no standardized effect size is printed.

"For each SD increase in NC, children’s later calculations, WPS, and reading performance increased by 0.388, 0.188, and 0.149 SD, respectively."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Operations and Place Value — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Crossover effects: early reading fluency predicts later mathematics outcomes more strongly than early mathematics skills predict later reading — related
• The final pruned mediation model fits the data excellently and accounts for 58.0%, 62.2%, and 53.2% of variance in later calculations, word-problem solving, and reading — related
• Early listening comprehension directly predicts later word-problem solving and word reading but not calculations, and numerical cognition does not mediate this relation — related
• Numerical cognition assessed at end of first grade statistically mediates associations between early processing speed, working memory, calculation skill, word-problem solving, and attentive behavior and later calculations, word-problem solving, and reading — related
• Early working memory, processing speed, and attentive behavior predict later calculations, word-problem solving, and reading, but nonverbal reasoning is not significantly associated with any outcome — related