Claims

In immediate recall by school pupils, objects shown are remembered better than written words, and written words better than spoken words

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causal r1 · q2
Currency · newest study 1909 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims

Reading the evidence codes

q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.

This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.

q2 i? School pupils in all grades immediately recalled more shown objects (average 8.28 of 10) than written words (6.92) or spoken words (6.85). → Patterson 1909

Evidence

Patterson 1909

Patterson, T. L. (1909). Pedagogical Suggestions from Memory Tests. The Journal of Educational Psychology. https://books.google.com

q2 · i? · causal · r1

A classroom memory test in a school and college, all grades from third primary up, presented three ten-word lists as spoken, written-on-board, and shown objects, with immediate written recall. The printed averages show "objects were remembered better than the written names" and written better than spoken. Only descriptive means are printed.

"The following were the averages for the first three lists of words, namely,—6.85, 6.92 and 8.28 respectively, showing that objects were remembered better than the written names, nd the latter better than the spoken names."

Discussion

Page metadata
Field Value
type claim
id objects-remembered-better-than-written-then-spoken-names
title In immediate recall by school pupils, objects shown are remembered better than written words, and written words better than spoken words
description In immediate recall by school pupils, objects shown are remembered better than written words, and written words better than spoken words
status review
evidence_strength weak
newest_evidence 1909
generated by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-23
trust unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources 1 — patterson-1909

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