Children in the two oldest age groups used out-group stereotypes above chance (50%), with the largest effect among 7–10-year-olds (r = .80)¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr2·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2010 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i3 Children in the 7–10-year-old group utilized out-group stereotypes above chance, t(15) = 5.17, p < .0001, r = .80. → Pauker 2010
q3 i3 Children in the 6–7-year-old group utilized out-group stereotypes above chance, t(15) = 3.38, p = .002, r = .66. → Pauker 2010
q3 i2 Children in the oldest age group (7–10 years) used in-group stereotypes significantly above chance (M = .65, SD = .32), t(15) = 1.85, p = .04, r = .43, despite a lack of relative age group differences for in-group stereotyping. → Pauker 2010
Evidence¶
Pauker 2010¶
Pauker, K., Ambady, N., & Apfelbaum, E. P. (2010). Race Salience and Essentialist Thinking in Racial Stereotype Development. Child Development, 81(6), 1799–1813. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01511.x
q3 · i3 · associational · r2
One-sample t-tests against chance (50%) on stereotyping scores from the same 89-child cross-sectional sample, reported in the Results section's Stereotyping subsection. The tests showed "children in the two oldest age groups (6–7-years and 7–10 years" utilized out-group stereotypes above chance with printed effect sizes r = .66 and r = .80 respectively; in-group stereotyping exceeded chance only in the oldest group (r = .43).
"children did use in-group stereotypes significantly above chance in the oldest age group (7–10 years; M = .65, SD = .32), t(15) = 1.85, p = .04, r =.43. Consistent with age group differences for out-group stereotyping, children in the two oldest age groups (6–7-years and 7–10 years; Ms reported above) utilized out-group stereotypes above chance, t(15) = 3.38, p = .002, r =.66 and t(15) = 5.17 p < .0001, r =.80, respectively."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Children begin applying racial stereotypes to out-groups around age 6, with out-group stereotyping increasing across age groups while in-group stereotyping shows no reliable age differences — a broader claim this one bears on
- Children's essentialist reasoning about racial change increased with age, and essentialist reasoning about others (but not the self) predicted out-group stereotyping — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
out-group-stereotyping-above-chance-oldest-groups |
title |
Children in the two oldest age groups used out-group stereotypes above chance (50%), with the largest effect among 7–10-year-olds (r = .80) |
description |
Children in the two oldest age groups used out-group stereotypes above chance (50%), with the largest effect among 7–10-year-olds (r = .80) |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2010 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — pauker-2010 |
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