A proactive PAL improves learners' recall of the agent's ideas more than a responsive PAL (d = 0.78)¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q3·i2medium
Currency · newest study 2006 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i2 Students in the proactive condition recalled significantly more of the PAL's ideas than students in the responsive condition (Cohen's d = 0.78). → Kim 2006
Evidence¶
Kim 2006¶
Kim, Y., Baylor, A. L., & PALS Group. (2006). Pedagogical Agents as Learning Companions: The Role of Agent Competency and Type of Interaction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 54(3), 223-243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-006-8805-z
q3 · i2 · causal · r2
Univariate ANOVA (F(1, 68) = 9.67, p < .01) from the 2x2 experiment; recall was the count of idea units in student answers, converted to z-scores because the two PALs delivered unequal numbers of ideas. Means and d = 0.78 are printed in Results.
"Students in the proactive condition (M = 2.18, SD = 2.17) scored significantly higher than students in the responsive condition (M = 1.61, SD = 2.3). The standardized effect size for this difference was Cohen 's d = 0.78"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- A responsive PAL does not improve learner attitudes toward the agent, and competency and interaction type show no significant interaction — related
- Proactive PALs yielded higher recall than responsive PALs, with the advantage differing by learner academic strength — possibly the same claim (merge candidate)
- In the responsive condition, learners requested less than half of the information the PAL was designed to deliver — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
proactive-pal-improves-recall |
title |
A proactive PAL improves learners' recall of the agent's ideas more than a responsive PAL (d = 0.78) |
description |
A proactive PAL improves learners' recall of the agent's ideas more than a responsive PAL (d = 0.78) |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2006 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-16 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — kim-2006 |
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