Among youth from low-income families, perceived neighborhood safety is negatively associated with GPA, whereas among non-low-income youth no association is observed¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2–r3 · q3
Currency · newest study 2014 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q3 i? For youth from low-income families, each standard deviation increase in perceived neighborhood safety was associated with 17% of a standard deviation decrease in GPA. → Martin-Storey 2014 q3 i? For youth not from low-income families, no significant association between perceived safety and GPA was observed, and the difference between groups was significant (Chi2 diff = 106.80, p < .001). → Martin-Storey 2014 (2)

Evidence¶

Martin-Storey 2014¶

Martin-Storey, A., & Crosnoe, R. (2014). Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Adolescent School Functioning. Applied Developmental Science, 18(2), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2014.876276

q3 · i? · associational · r2

Multi-group SEM by income-to-needs ratio (n = 199 low-income; n = 725 other) predicting grade-9 GPA. The printed magnitude for the low-income group was a 17% of an SD decrease per SD of perceived safety; no standardised effect size was printed.

"For youth from low-income families, each standard deviation increase in perceived neighborhood safety was associated with 17% of a standard deviation decrease in GPA."

Martin-Storey 2014 (2)¶

Martin-Storey, A., & Crosnoe, R. (2014). Perceived Neighborhood Safety and Adolescent School Functioning. Applied Developmental Science, 18(2), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2014.876276

q3 · i? · associational · r3

Same multi-group models: the safety-GPA association was non-significant in the non-low-income group, and a constrained-model comparison indicated the group difference was significant.

"For youth who were not from low-income families, no significant association between perceived safety and GPA was observed. Follow-up multi group analyses with a simplified constrained model suggested that this differences was significant (Chi2 diff = 106.80, p < .001)."

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Safety — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes
• Socioeconomic Status — moderator: an instructional effect differs by group

Related Claims¶

• Observer-rated physical neighborhood disorder is negatively associated with GPA, with each standard deviation of disorder linked to a 20.7% of a standard deviation decrease — related
• Perceived neighborhood safety is not significantly associated with standardized test scores or GPA once confounding variables are controlled — reports the opposite
• Perceived neighborhood safety is protective for school attachment among low-income youth in high-disorder neighborhoods, and mediates the affluence-school attachment link only among non-low-income youth — related
• The association between perceived neighborhood safety and GPA is moderated by observer-rated neighborhood disorder and by neighborhood affluence — a broader claim this one bears on
• Perceived neighborhood safety is positively associated with school attachment among 15-year-olds after controlling for individual, family, school, and external neighborhood factors — related