High schools that retained SROs had higher suspension rates, were smaller, and served more socioeconomically disadvantaged students¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? Of the 29 high schools with the highest suspension rates, 22 had an SRO presence, versus 8 of the 29 with the lowest suspension rates. → Arneson 2024 q2 i? Large-enrollment schools were more likely to have removed SROs, while most small schools retained at least one SRO. → Arneson 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Arneson 2024¶

Arneson, A., Hinze-Pifer, R., Franklin, K., & Johnson, D.W. (2024). Removing police officers from Chicago schools: Trends and outcomes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Consortium on School Research. https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/removing-police-officers-from-Chicago-schools

q2 · i? · causal · r2

Descriptive categorization of CPS high schools into three equal-sized groups by 2022-23 suspension rate (Figure 7). Similar patterns held for behavioral and high-level infraction rates.

"of the 29 high schools with the lowest suspension rates in 2022–23, eight had an SRO presence (1-2 SROs). For the 29 high schools with the highest suspension rates, 22 had an SRO presence."

Arneson 2024 (2)¶

Arneson, A., Hinze-Pifer, R., Franklin, K., & Johnson, D.W. (2024). Removing police officers from Chicago schools: Trends and outcomes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Consortium on School Research. https://consortium.uchicago.edu/publications/removing-police-officers-from-Chicago-schools

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Descriptive analysis of school enrollment and SRO status (Figure 7); only seven of the smallest 29 high schools had no SRO presence. Schools serving the lowest proportions of free/reduced-price lunch eligible students were most likely to have removed SROs before 2020.

"In 2022–23, 19 of the 29 high schools with the highest student enrollment had no SRO presence."

Discussion¶

Related Claims¶

• Local School Council decisions collectively produced racialized differences in SRO presence, with Black students more than twice as likely as other students to have an SRO in their school — related
• SRO removal was not significantly related to changes in overall discipline infractions or in suspensions at either the student or school level — related
• Police notifications declined substantially in schools that fully removed SROs, but the difference-in-difference was not statistically significant — related
• Full removal of SROs from CPS high schools was associated with a statistically significant reduction in high-level behavioral infractions at both the student and school levels — related
• SRO removal was not significantly related to changes in student or teacher perceptions of physical safety or in Student-Teacher Trust — related
• Schools with school resource officers may have higher rates of exclusionary discipline, including a reported 21 percent increase in incidents — related
• School resource officers have limited effects on school safety and increase suspensions, expulsions, police referrals, and arrests, with larger negative effects for Black students and students with disabilities — related
• Over 60% of the largest school districts reported zero school-related arrests, and no state had fully met ESSA school-policing report-card requirements — related
• District leaders filtered student and community voices through their own perspectives, so neither district fully removed security personnel despite calls to end policing in schools — related