Evidence on school swimming instruction is scarce in secondary education, with most studies in primary and preschool stages¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · reviewr2·q2
Currency · newest study 2026 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q2 i? Only one of the 16 reviewed studies addressed secondary education, while primary education accounted for 68.7% and preschool 25% of the evidence. → Trinidad Alfonso 2026
Evidence¶
Trinidad Alfonso 2026¶
Trinidad Alfonso, Mendoza-Castejón Daniel, Mercedes de la Calle Laura, del-Blanco-Muñiz José Ángel. (2026). Analysis of swimming teaching programs, aquatic competencies and specific skills in school settings from early childhood to secondary education: A systematic review. PLOS One. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353477
q2 · i? · review · r2
Descriptive synthesis of educational-stage distribution across the 16 included studies in this systematic review. The review reports "secondary education accounted for 6.2% with only one study", with primary education dominating the evidence base.
"primary education accounted for 68.7% of the output with eleven studies [59–61,63,64,66–70,72] In addition, preschool education accounted for 25% of the scientific evidence [57,62,71,73], while secondary education accounted for 6.2% with only one study [58]."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- School swimming programmes predominantly adopt a technical-utilitarian orientation rather than an educational-curricular one (75% versus 25%) — related
- Assessment instruments in school swimming research focus on technical execution, with few tools aligned to functional aquatic competence — related
- School swimming interventions show high heterogeneity in duration, frequency and session length, with no unified methodological standard — related
- Most included systematic reviews span multiple education levels and school subjects, with few focusing specifically on primary, middle, or secondary school. — related
Page metadata
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by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-31 |
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