Between-school variation in EA-PGI effects is substantial: the average EA-PGI effect is 0.22 with slope SD 0.034, and variance explained by EA-PGI ranges from ~2% in the weakest-effect schools to ~8% in the strongest¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · associationalr3·q3
Currency · newest study 2022 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
q is the design tier, i the impact, n the sample, and the kind with its r
the rigour judged within that kind: what each code means.
This claim: no standardized effect is recorded in observations/ for it yet, so no benchmark reading is possible.
q3 i? The mean within-family EA-PGI effect on achievement is 0.22 with between-school slope SD 0.034; in the weakest 2.5% of schools the effect is <15% of an SD, in the strongest 2.5% it is >29% of an SD (~8% versus ~2% variance explained). → Rosa Cheesman 2022
Evidence¶
Rosa Cheesman 2022¶
Rosa Cheesman, Nicolai T. Borgen, Torkild H. Lyngstad, Espen M. Eilertsen, Ziada Ayorech, Fartein A. Torvik, Ole A. Andreassen, Henrik D. Zachrisson and Eivind Ystrom. (2022). A population-wide gene-environment interaction study on how genes, schools, and residential areas shape achievement. npj Science of Learning 7:29. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-022-00145-8
q3 · i? · associational · r3
Model 3a results visualised in Fig. 2 show school-specific EA-PGI slopes with "standard deviation of slopes = 0.034"; the weakest 2.5% of schools show effects below 15% of an SD and the strongest above 29% (roughly 8% versus 2% of achievement variance).
"the mean effect of the EA-PGI on achievement is 0.22 but there is variation around this average slope between schools (standard deviation of slopes = 0.034). In the 2.5% of schools with the weakest effects (red lines), the effect of students' EA-PGI is <15% of an SD"
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Students' EA-PGI interacts with schools such that school differences in achievement are wider among students with lower EA-PGI (compensation, not Scarr-Rowe suppression) — related
- The EA-PGI-by-school interaction is stronger for maths and reading than for English — related
- Neighbourhood, district, and municipality variation contributes little to achievement (under 2% of variance collectively) and does not interact with student EA-PGI — related
- Five measured school sociodemographic characteristics do not explain the EA-PGI-by-school interaction — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
school-variation-in-pgi-effect-magnitude |
title |
Between-school variation in EA-PGI effects is substantial: the average EA-PGI effect is 0.22 with slope SD 0.034, and variance explained by EA-PGI ranges from ~2% in the weakest-effect schools to ~8% in the strongest |
description |
Between-school variation in EA-PGI effects is substantial: the average EA-PGI effect is 0.22 with slope SD 0.034, and variance explained by EA-PGI ranges from ~2% in the weakest-effect schools to ~8% in the strongest |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2022 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-26 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — rosa-cheesman-2022 |
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