The threat-of-scream manipulation successfully induced sustained anxiety, with equivalent subjective and startle responses in adolescents and adults¶
Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · causalr2·q3·i3large
Currency · newest study 2016 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person
Subclaims¶
Reading the evidence codes
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q3 i3 Eye-blink startle responses were greater during threat than safe conditions, and anxiety ratings were higher during threat (means 3.98 vs 1.97), with no group differences. → Patel Nilam 2016
Evidence¶
Patel Nilam 2016¶
Patel Nilam, Vytal Katherine, Pavletic Nevia, Stoodley Catherine, Pine Daniel S., Grillon Christian, Ernst Monique. (2016). Interaction of Threat and Verbal Working Memory in Adolescents. Psychophysiology. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12582
q3 · i3 · causal · r2
Manipulation check in the same experiment: subjective "how anxious" ratings showed a Condition main effect (F(1,47) = 68.48, p < .001, ηp2 = .59; threat mean 3.98 vs safe 1.97), and "eye-blink startle responses were greater during the threat than safe condition (F(1,48) = 59.17, p < .001, ηp2 = .55)". Ratings did not decrease across runs.
"Second, eye-blink startle responses were greater during the threat than safe condition (F(1,48) = 59.17, p < .001, ηp2 = .55). These results confirmed that the loud scream successfully induced anxiety."
Discussion¶
Related Claims¶
- Adults show higher overall working memory accuracy than adolescents, and adults but not adolescents increase startle reactivity with load — related
- Anxiety-potentiated startle is greater during low- and medium-load tasks than during the high-load task in both age groups — related
- Threat of an aversive scream lowers verbal working memory accuracy at low and medium load but not at high load in both adolescents and adults — related
- Reaction times are faster during threat than safe conditions only on the high-load (3-back) task, in both adolescents and adults — related
- No age differences emerge in how threat and cognitive load interact on working memory accuracy or reaction time — related
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
claim |
id |
scream-threat-manipulation-induced-anxiety-equally |
title |
The threat-of-scream manipulation successfully induced sustained anxiety, with equivalent subjective and startle responses in adolescents and adults |
description |
The threat-of-scream manipulation successfully induced sustained anxiety, with equivalent subjective and startle responses in adolescents and adults |
status |
review |
evidence_strength |
moderate |
newest_evidence |
2016 |
generated |
by process:wiki-ingest on 2026-10-17 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — patel-nilam-2016 |
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