The tribute reports that self-efficacy consistently outperformed anxiety as a predictor of academic performance¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study · theoretical r1 · q1
Currency · newest study 2025 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q1 i? Research cited by Zimmerman reportedly showed self-efficacy consistently outperformed anxiety as a predictor of academic performance, informing why emotions were not central motivators in the forethought phase of his cyclical model. → Kitsantas 2025

Evidence¶

Kitsantas 2025¶

Kitsantas, A., Bembenutty, H., Cleary, T. J., Alexander, P. A., DiBenedetto, M. K., Kaplan, A., Kolovelonis, A., Mandell, B. E., Martin, A. J., McCrudden, M. T., Panadero, E., Salisbury-Glennon, J. D., & Schunk, D. H. (2025). Barry J. Zimmerman's Enduring Legacy: The Inspiring Fusion of Self-Regulated Learning Theory, Practice, and Mentorship. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10052-0

q1 · i? · theoretical · r1

A tribute commentary (Panadero) reports Zimmerman's explanation, "citing research showing that self-efficacy consistently outperformed anxiety as a predictor of academic perfor - mance." The tribute prints no effect sizes; the finding is second-hand.

"citing research showing that self-efficacy consistently outperformed anxiety as a predictor of academic perfor - mance (Richardson et al., 2012)"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Academic Anxiety — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

• Pre-actional metacognitive, motivational, and positive-emotional components are positively associated with regulatory behavior in the actional phase, while anger and anxiety are negatively associated — related